In Kinney and Stephens’ study, caregivers reported an average of 49 events in the past week, with 40% of these being rated as uplifts, suggesting that they were rather frequent experiences despite the prevailing burdensome aspects of caregiving. Thus, a negative appraisal leads to burden and other negative outcomes whereas a positive appraisal results in benign perspectives and emotions that are now commonly referred to as positive gains or positive aspects of caregiving ( Cheng et al., 2013a Kramer, 1997 ). The authors found contrasting perceptions across caregivers for 93 (85%) of the 110 events-these events were considered as hassles by some but as uplifts by others, supporting the idea that the impact of caregiving depends on appraisal. They also rated each event according to the degree to which it had been a hassle or uplift for them. In one of the early studies of this topic, Kinney and Stephens (1989) described 110 events to 60 Alzheimer family caregivers in the United States and asked them to indicate whether they had experienced the events in the past week. Such uplifts may be crucial to keep a caregiver going despite the day-to-day challenges, and may even reduce feelings of burden ( Cheng, Lam, Kwok, Ng, & Fung, 2013a ). It is well-recognized that caregivers experience uplifts as well as burden and frustrations ( Kramer, 1997 ). Positive aspects of caregiving, Alzheimer’s disease, Qualitative methods, Hong Kong Chinese
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